A Handbook of American Diplomacy by Jerry K. Sweeney

Author:Jerry K. Sweeney [Sweeney, Jerry K.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Public Policy, Constitutions, Social Policy, Political Science, General
ISBN: 9780429710506
Google: umDwDwAAQBAJ
Goodreads: 52755898
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2019-07-22T00:00:00+00:00

Dramatis Personae

BRICKER, John W. (1893-1986). Lawyer and politician, he was elected Governor of Ohio (1939-1945) and represented that state in the U.S. Senate (1946-1958). Generally viewed as a conservative isolationist, he was the Republican Vice-Presidential candidate (1944) and sponsor of a proposed constitutional amendment to restrict the treaty-making powers of the President.

DRAGO, Luis Maria (1859-1921). Foreign Minister of Argentina (1902-1903) who formulated what later became known as the Drago Doctrine. He served on the Tribunal of Arbitration concerned with the North Atlantic Fisheries (1909) and was invited by the Council of the League of Nations to draft the statute for the Permanent Court of Justice.

FORRESTAL, James Vincent (1892-1949). After considerable success as an investment banker he joined the Roosevelt administration as Undersecretary (1940) and then Secretary of the Navy (1944-1947). He became the first Secretary of Defense (1947-1949) and was "one of the shapers of American foreign policy during the early cold war years." Forrestal was ever "fearful of the Soviet Union's postwar intentions, convinced of its inveterate hostility to the U.S."

HARRIMAN, William A. (1891-1986). Preeminent elder statesman, this son of E. H. Harriman was not only successful in business in his own right but undertook a distinguished career of public service: Lend-Lease administrator to the UK (1941-1942); Ambassador to USSR (1943-1946); Ambassador to the UK (1946); Secretary of Commerce (1946-1948); Director, Mutual Security Agency (1951-1953); Assistant Secretary of State, F. E. Affairs (1961-1963); Under Secretary of State, Political Affairs (1963-1965); and Chairman, U.S. delegation, Paris Peace Conference-Vietnam (1968-1969). He negotiated the nuclear test ban treaty (1963) and although an early supporter of the policy of containment he later opposed much of it-save for China and S.E. Asia.

KENNAN, George F. (1904-). A career Foreign Service Officer, he joined the service in 1926, becoming one of early specialists in Soviet affairs (Riga school), and after several wartime appointments (notably Portugal) he served as Director of the Policy Planning Staff of the State Department where the policy of containment originated. His FOREIGN AFFAIRS article entitled "The Sources of Soviet Conduct" (1947) is considered one of the seminal sources of postwar American policy although Kennan insists it was misread and misused.

LEAHY, William D. (1875-1959). Naval officer (USNA 1897), his early friendship with Franklin D. Roosevelt led to his selection as Ambassador to Vichy France (1941-1942) and later as Chief of Staff to the President and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs fo Staff (1942-1949). He "restrained military influence over civilian affairs, but discouraged civilian control over strategy, operations and often foreign policy." A strong anticommunist, he retired as a result of his opposition to reduced military appropiations and foreign policy discontinuities in 1949.

McCARTHY, Joseph R. (1908-1957) Lawyer and politician, he represented Wisconsin in the U.S. Senate (1946-58) and in a 9 February 1950 speech in Wheeling, West Virginia, he claimed to have "here in my hands" the names of 205 known Communists employed by the State Department. "Although McCarthy was more the product than the cause of the second great "red scare" in America, he symbolized more than any other person, the political extremism of the era.

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